The Separation of Tungstic Oxide from Scheelite and its Subsequent Reduction with Hydrogen

The largest known deposits of tungsten ores occur in the continuation of the Indo-Malayan Mountains, which extends through Burma, Malaya, China, Japan, and Chosen. Production of tungsten concentrates was started in 1910 in Burma, and in 1911 this country was the world\u27s largest producer. China produced but little until 1916, but has since supplied over fifty per cent of the world\u27s requirements

Review of Digital Literacy for Technical Communication: 21st Century Theory and Practice. Edited by Rachel Spilka. New York: Routledge. 2010. 272 pages.

This collection of essays, edited by Rachel Spilka, addresses changes within the field of Technical Communication, and asks what those changes mean for scholars and practitioners. As technical (or professional) communication expands its focus in the 21st century to include tools, skills, and technologies beyond its traditional scope, the collection gathers together well-known technical communication specialists to ask what literacy might mean in this new context. Though the introduction at one point says that the anthology wishes to address any type of literacy affected by technology of all types (p. 7), the primary focus is clear: digital literacy. The introduction defines the term as the need to work in and with digital technology; to critically examine its impact on practice; and to consider the myriad of contexts that affect such a literacy (p. 8)

THE ROLE OF INTELLIGENCE IN CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION: SECURING THE METRO RAILWAY AND PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION

On November 13, 2023, Chief Officer Dave Jones presented The Role of Intelligence in Critical Infrastructure Protection: Securing the Metro Railway and Public Transportation for this year’s West Coast Security Conference. The key points discussed were that North American passenger transit systems, such as railways and buses, lack robust safety screening systems, the challenges balancing visibility and effectiveness with cost and aesthetics as cities grow and transit usage increases; and the importance of increased information sharing, employing emerging technologies, risk assessments, and adaptation to the safety of transit networks.   Received:  01-14-2024 Revised: 01-26-202

Global Electricity Review 2022

Ember's third annual Global Electricity Review aims to provide the most transparent and up-to-date overview of changes in the global electricity transition in 2021. We make all of the data freely accessible to allow others to do their own analysis and help speed the switch to clean electricity. We are witnessing extraordinary events in relation to our global security and global energy systems. We expect a turbulent year ahead. Even as these immediate issues must draw our attention, we know that the longer term, severe threat of climate change is only growing. We will therefore continue to monitor and report on the global impact of the electricity sector and to advocate for an effective and urgent transition to a zero emissions system, which will ultimately also help reduce our energy insecurity and exposure to geopolitical risks.Our dataset comprises annual power generation and import data for 209 countries covering the period 2000 to 2020. For 2021, we have added data for 75 countries which together represent 93% of global power demand.

A Controlled Natural Language Interface for Semantic Media Wiki

Despite their potential value as collaborative knowledge editing systems, semantic wikis present a number of usability challenges for human end users. In particular, there are several mismatches between the simple user interaction mechanisms of wikis (which are the key to the success of wikis) and the need for users to create, edit and understand structured knowledge content (e.g., in the form of RDF or OWL ontologies). In this paper, we present a Controlled Natural Language (CNL) approach to collaborative ontology development using Semantic MediaWiki (SMW). In order to support the expressivity required for OWL ontology development, we extended the representational substructure of the SMW system with an OWL meta model using a template-based mechanism. To improve usability, we provided a form-based guided input interface and implemented several CNL verbalizers (CNL text generation components). In particular, we developed verbalizers for the English and Chinese variants of the Rabbit CNL, as well as the Attempto Controlled English (ACE) CNL. The combination of semantic wiki systems and CNL editing interfaces may provide an effective mechanism for promoting the large-scale collaborative creation of semantically-enriched online content

Rule Modeling Using Semantic MediaWiki

Semantic MediaWiki (SMW) is a popular semantic wiki engine that enables collective knowledge modeling within the expressivity of a small subset of OWL. However, SMW is limited in offering native support for modeling rules. In this paper, we show that by using templates and semantic queries provided by SMW, it is possible to model several types of rules within SMW, e.g., OWL entailment rules and logic programs. Such modeling practice enables us to perform some broadly useful inference tasks on SMW, e.g., integrity constraint checking

From additive to multiplicative thinking: the role of feedback from a computer app

Multiplicative thinking is an important aspect of mathematics education, such as with ratio and proportion. A particular computer App called Stick and Split (SaS) requires multiplicative thinking in tasks which require rods of a given length to be made by sticking together rods of equal length, and splitting rods into equal lengths.  This research is a preparatory study which aims to examine whether the design of the Stick and Split (SaS)  App can influence the nature of thinking which a young student might bring to the App’s tasks. </p

GIDS: Global Interlinked Data Store

This paper introduces the Global Interlinked Data Store1 (GIDS), a technique to support the easy creation and retrieval of interlinked semantic data within a web-scale distributed network environment such as the World Wide Web (WWW). The GIDS enables the network to be treated as a data store without worrying about files, databases or other traditional data storage concerns. Data created on the network can be subsequently accessed and navigated by end users and software agents alike. The GIDS proposes a novel three-stage data storage process which enables the data to be stored in up to three contextually relevant locations to enhance subsequent retrieval opportunities. We believe that the capability offered by the GIDS will be of significant use to rapidly formed diverse coalitions who wish to communicate and exchange semantic data in a large network environment such as the WWW

Connecting the equals sign

Children tend to view the equals sign as an operator symbol bereft of the rich relational properties of equality statements. It has been argued by some that this restricted view of the equals sign is due to cultural or cognitive factors. We suggest a significant factor is that rich relational meanings lack relevance within the context of paper-based arithmetic. One possible way to allow learners access to relational meanings is through interaction with technologically supported utilities for the equals sign. We report upon a trial in which two students draw on existing and emerging notions of mathematical equivalence in order to connect an onscreen = object with other arithmetical objects